Geriatric Pregnancy: A Comprehensive Guide For Pregnancy After 35

Are you a woman prioritising your career, personal growth and financial stability over having kids at the moment? Or are you expecting a baby at the age of 35 or above? You have come to the right place. Geriatric pregnancy is increasingly common these days. While the term may sound clinical, it simply refers to pregnancies in women who are 35 or older. This stage, also known as advanced maternal age, brings specific challenges like miscarriage, congenital disorders, gestational diabetes and high blood pressure. It also has a few unique benefits. If you're planning a family later in life, or are currently pregnant or just curious, here’s what to know about geriatric pregnancy. ^{1 2}

Let’s start with the basics. 

What Is Geriatric Pregnancy?

Geriatric pregnancy is a term used by doctors for women who conceive at or after age 35. It’s now commonly referred to as advanced maternal age. This term highlights certain risks that tend to increase with age, such as complications during pregnancy and delivery.

However, geriatric pregnancy is becoming more mainstream, with many women successfully giving birth in their late 30s and 40s. Understanding what this stage entails can help you make informed decisions for a healthy pregnancy journey. ^{1 2 3}

So, what are the risks of a geriatric pregnancy? 

Geriatric Pregnancy Risks

Older pregnancies come with unique risks due to various biological factors. Here are some of the most common risks associated with pregnancy after 35 ^{1 4} :

1. Increased Risk of Chromosomal Abnormalities:

The chance of chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome increases with maternal age. This is why women over 35 are offered additional screenings during pregnancy to detect possible issues.

2. Higher Likelihood of Gestational Diabetes:

Pregnant women over 35 are more prone to gestational diabetes (high blood sugar during pregnancy), which can lead to complications during pregnancy and delivery.

3. Elevated Blood Pressure and Preeclampsia:

Blood pressure issues and preeclampsia are more common among older pregnant women. These conditions require close monitoring to ensure maternal and fetal health.

4. Higher Risk of Miscarriage & Ectopic Pregnancy:

Miscarriage rates rise slightly with age. This is due, in part, to chromosomal abnormalities and other age-related factors affecting pregnancy viability. Studies show higher ectopic pregnancy (where the fertilised egg implants outside the uterus) risk in women of advanced maternal age.⁵

5. C-Section Delivery Rates:

Due to some of the above risks, older pregnant women may be more likely to have a cesarean delivery than younger women.

6. Increased Risk of Stillbirth:

Older pregnancies are associated with a slightly higher risk of stillbirth, especially in the third trimester. Regular prenatal visits and monitoring can help manage this risk.

7. Higher Incidence of Twin or Multiple Pregnancies: 

Advanced maternal age is associated with an increased likelihood of twin or multiple pregnancies, which can pose additional risks, including preterm birth and low birth weight.
While these risks sound concerning, many women over 35 experience healthy pregnancies. Regular prenatal care and lifestyle adjustments can significantly improve outcomes.

What Are the Benefits of Having a Baby After 35?

Contrary to popular belief, getting pregnant at 35 or later has a few advantages ¹:

1. Greater Financial and Emotional Stability:

Women who become mothers after 35 often have stable careers and finances, creating a secure environment for raising children. 

2. Mature Parenting:

Older parents may bring extra patience, wisdom, and emotional resilience, benefiting the whole family. 

3. Higher Motivation for Healthy Lifestyle Choices:

Women over 35 are often highly motivated to maintain good health, making positive lifestyle choices during pregnancy, like regular exercise, healthy eating, and avoiding harmful habits.
This leads to the burning question

How Can I Increase My Chances of Having a Healthy Baby?

Even if you're past what some consider the perfect age for pregnancy, there are steps you can take to promote a healthy pregnancy ¹:

1. Prenatal Vitamins:

Taking prenatal vitamins with folic acid before conception and during pregnancy supports fetal development and reduces the risk of birth defects.

2. Regular Health Checkups:

Regular doctor visits allow doctors to monitor your health closely and address any issues early. Also manage any existing or new medical conditions you might have. 

3. Healthy Diet and Exercise:

Maintaining a balanced diet, healthy weight and regular exercise routine supports overall health, reduces stress, and can help prevent complications.

4. Avoid Smoking and Alcohol:

These habits can lead to complications, especially for older pregnancies. Abstaining from them is essential for a healthy pregnancy.
That said, here are some basic guidelines for you. 

Advanced Maternal Age Pregnancy Guidelines

If you’re over 35 and considering pregnancy, following these guidelines can help promote a healthy journey:

1. Schedule a Pre-Pregnancy Checkup

A healthcare provider can assess your health and discuss potential risks, offering tips to prepare your body for pregnancy. ¹

2. Genetic Counselling

Some women over 35 choose genetic counselling to better understand the risks of genetic disorders. Genetic counsellors can provide information on testing options. ⁶

3. Understand Your Health History

Knowing your medical health history can help your doctor assess any risk factors specific to you.¹

How Can I Lower My Risk of Pregnancy Problems?

Reducing risk is possible with proactive health management ¹:

1. Manage Chronic Health Conditions:

High blood pressure, diabetes, and other conditions can complicate pregnancies in women over 35. Keep these conditions well-managed before and during pregnancy.

2. Maintain a Healthy Weight

Women with a healthy BMI face fewer pregnancy complications. Achieving a healthy weight before conception can lower risks for both mother and baby.

3. Prioritise Mental Health

Pregnancy can be an emotional journey, especially for older mothers. Practices like meditation, mindfulness, and support groups can make a positive difference.

4. Get Ample Rest and Manage Stress

Adequate sleep and stress management are essential for your health and the baby's well-being.

Recovering from Geriatric Pregnancy

Recovery after a geriatric pregnancy might be slightly different compared to younger women ¹:

1. Postpartum Care

Women over 35 may require longer recovery time after delivery. Following up with your doctor and considering physical therapy can help.

2. Emotional and Mental Health Support

Postpartum depression and anxiety are common for new moms, especially those with older pregnancies. Therapy, support groups, and family support can help.

3. Gradual Return to Physical Activity

Ease back into exercise with low-impact activities and always consult your healthcare provider before starting.

FAQs 

1. Is it harder to get pregnant if you're over 35?

Yes, as a woman’s age increases, her egg quality and quantity naturally decline, making conception more challenging. However, many women over 35 successfully conceive with or without medical assistance. ⁷

2. Why are there more complications if you're over 35 and pregnant?

With age, the risks of certain conditions like gestational diabetes, high blood pressure, and chromosomal abnormalities increase, leading to a greater chance of complications.¹

3. What are my chances of miscarriage if I am of advanced maternal age?

The risk of miscarriage is slightly higher for women over 35 due to age-related factors, but it varies based on overall health and lifestyle choices. ¹

4. How old is a geriatric pregnancy?

Any pregnancy that occurs when the mother is 35 or older is often termed a geriatric or advanced maternal age pregnancy. ¹

5. How can I prepare my body for a geriatric pregnancy?

To prepare for a geriatric pregnancy, begin with a pre-pregnancy checkup, eat a balanced diet, exercise, and take prenatal vitamins. Managing stress and maintaining a healthy weight can also support a healthier pregnancy.¹