The Truth About Varicose Veins During Pregnancy

Did you know that more than 40% of all pregnant women experience varicose veins? ¹ These unexpected changes often arise as your body adapts to support a growing baby. The expanding belly increases pressure on your veins, especially in the legs, making varicose veins a common occurrence during pregnancy. 1 But are they something to worry about? Let's delve into this article to understand the symptoms, causes, and practical tips to manage varicose veins during pregnancy.

What Are Varicose Veins?

Varicose veins are swollen, dilated veins that typically appear twisted and bulging beneath the skin. They are most commonly found in the legs but can occur in other parts of the body as well. They are blue or dark purple and easily visible through the skin. ²

How Does It Occur During Pregnancy?

Varicose veins often form during pregnancy due to several physiological changes. The blood volume increases to support the growing baby, which puts extra pressure on the veins. As the uterus expands, it compresses the inferior vena cava—the central vein that takes deoxygenated blood from the lower part of the body to the heart. Thus, blood flow from the legs to the heart is limited, causing blood to pool and veins to swell. Additionally, higher levels of progesterone  relax the muscular walls of blood vessels, making the veins more likely to swell and appear enlarged and twisted. ^{3 4 5}

Symptoms Of Varicose Veins

Varicose veins are often not visible in their early stages. They typically become more noticeable as they enlarge and start to bulge. Here are some common symptoms associated with the condition: ⁵

• Pain or aching in the legs after prolonged sitting or standing
• Heaviness or fullness in the legs and lower body
• Fatigue
• Visibly swollen veins
• Skin discoloration
• Cramps in the thighs or calves
• Itchy skin
• Restlessness or discomfort in the legs

What Increases The Risk Of Pregnancy Varicose Veins?

During pregnancy, several factors can increase the likelihood of developing varicose veins. These include:

• A family history of varicose veins
• Being overweight
• Carrying multiple babies (twins or triplets)
• The risk also increases with each subsequent pregnancy.

Diagnosis Of Pregnancy Varicose Veins

If you experience any varicose veins symptoms during pregnancy, it is always best to consult the doctor. They may even diagnose it through a simple physical examination or advise for an ultrasound to exclude any other possible complications. ³

However, proper knowledge of varicose veins during pregnancy can help manage symptoms and thus minimise discomfort.

So continue reading for some useful tips on managing varicose veins during pregnancy!

Tips To Manage & Prevent Varicose Veins During Pregnancy

1. Stay Physically Active: 

Sitting or standing for long stretches of time places pressure on the veins, which can contribute to varicose veins. To help reduce this, try activities such as walking, swimming, or prenatal yoga to improve blood circulation and ease tension on the veins. However, before jumping into any new workout always consult your gynaecologist to keep things safe and sound for you and your baby. ^{3 4}

2. Elevate Your Legs

If you're juggling work or home tasks, take short breaks to elevate your legs. Lifting your feet above heart level for 15 minutes daily can significantly ease varicose vein symptoms. This boosts blood flow, reduces swelling, and relieves pressure on the veins. 

3. Avoid Tight Clothing 

Tight clothing, mainly around your legs, waist & upper thighs can restrict circulation, making varicose veins worse. Opt for loose, comfortable clothing that doesn't put additional pressure on your legs and waist. 

4. Wear Compression Stockings

Wear compression stockings if your doctor advises. This will help manage varicose veins during pregnancy by creating gentle pressure on the legs, improving blood flow, and reducing swelling.

5. Manage Your Weight

Carrying extra weight during pregnancy can increase the likelihood of developing varicose veins due to added pressure on your veins. If you are above your recommended weight range, consider adopting a healthy diet and gentle exercise approved by your doctor. Excess weight loss improves blood circulation, which reduces strain on your veins, thus helping to manage and prevent varicose veins during pregnancy. 

When To See A Doctor?

Varicose veins are usually harmless during pregnancy, but you should see your doctor if you experience: ³

• Severe pain or swelling that doesn’t get better with rest.
• Signs of blood clots or deep vein thrombosis (DVT—a condition where a blood clot forms usually in the legs).
• Sudden changes in skin colour around the veins.

Final Words

Varicose veins during pregnancy can be a bit uncomfortable, but they’re usually manageable and improve over time. Being physically fit and wearing compression stockings (if your doctor recommends) will help relieve the discomfort. However, if you experience any severe pain or unusual symptoms, always consult the doctor for personalised care.

FAQs

1. Do Varicose Veins Disappear After Pregnancy?

Yes, they usually improve or even disappear after childbirth as your body's circulation returns to normal and pressure on your veins decreases.

2. How Do You Get Rid Of Varicose Veins During Pregnancy?

It is impossible to eliminate varicose veins completely while pregnant, but it is possible to keep the symptoms manageable.  Comfortable clothing, elevation of the legs as much as possible, wearing compression stockings, and practising gentle exercise help ease discomfort. 

3. Can Massage Cure Varicose Veins?

Massage cannot cure varicose veins, but it can help alleviate some of the symptoms associated with them, such as swelling and discomfort.