Quadruple Marker Test: A Complete Guide for Pregnant Women

You're pregnant, happy, and visited your gynaecologist for a routine checkup. She suddenly recommends a Quadruple Marker Test. Your first reaction? Panic. Is something wrong with my baby?

Take a breath! Going by the name, this test may scare you, but in reality, it’s a shield.

Millions of birth defects go undetected simply because parents didn't know the right screening existed at the right time. The Quadruple Marker Test is a simple blood test that screens for serious chromosomal conditions (we will talk about them in the blog later). ¹

So, if you're in your second trimester and haven't heard of this test yet, then this blog is exactly what you need to read. Keep going, moms-to-be!

What Is a Quadruple Marker Test?

The Quadruple Marker Test (also called the Quad Screen Test) is a routine blood test done between the 15th and 20th week of pregnancy. It helps your doctor check if your baby has a higher chance of certain genetic conditions, like Down Syndrome or some birth defects. 

So why is it called "quad"? Because it measures four specific substances found in the mother's blood: ²

• AFP (Alpha-fetoprotein) - a protein produced by the baby
• hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin) - a hormone made during pregnancy
• Estriol - an estrogen hormone linked to the baby's development
• Inhibin-A - a hormone released by the placenta

What Does the Quadruple Marker Test Measure?

The Quad Marker Test measures the levels of four key substances in your blood. When any of these levels come back higher or lower than normal, it could mean your baby has an increased risk of certain conditions, such as: ¹

• Down Syndrome (Trisomy 21)
• Edwards Syndrome (Trisomy 18)
• Neural Tube Defects (problems with the baby's brain or spine development)

But here's something every parent-to-be must know: an abnormal result does not confirm a problem. This test only estimates the likelihood of a condition, based on your age, medical history, and blood results. If your results show a higher risk, your doctor will guide you toward additional tests to get a clearer, more definitive answer. ^{1, 3}

Why Is the Quadruple Marker Test Done?

The Quad Screen Test is done to check if your baby could be at risk for certain birth defects, such as Down Syndrome or problems with the brain and spinal column (known as Neural Tube Defects).

One important thing to remember: this is a screening test, not a diagnostic test. It doesn't confirm a problem. It simply indicates whether further testing is needed.

Who Should Take the Quadruple Marker Test?

Some women are more likely to get this test recommended by their doctor, including: ^{1, 4}

• Women who are 35 years or older during pregnancy
• Women who take insulin to manage diabetes
• Women with a family history of birth defects

So, if you fall into any of these categories, your gynae may strongly advise this test, and it's worth taking seriously.

When Is the Quadruple Marker Test Recommended?

As we mentioned before, this routine test is done between 15-20th week of pregnancy. However, for the most accurate results, the sweet spot is Week 16 to Week 18, so timing matters.

How is the Quadruple Marker Test Done?

We mentioned in the beginning that this test is quick, simple, and over before you know it. Here's what happens, step by step: 

• First, make sure you sit comfortably; no lying down, no prep needed.
• The healthcare professional cleans a small area on your arm.
• They gently insert a needle into a vein to draw a small blood sample.
• They remove the needle and place a small bandage on the area.
• The lab team analyses your blood sample to check the levels of the four markers.

The entire process takes just a few minutes, and that's it. No hospitalisation, no recovery time, no stress.

Quadruple Marker Test Accuracy

The Quadruple Marker Test is a widely used screening test that helps assess the risk of conditions like Down Syndrome, Edwards Syndrome, and Neural Tube Defects. For the most reliable results, it is usually recommended between the 16th and 18th week of pregnancy. 

What Is The Quadruple Marker Test Price in India?

The Quadruple Marker Test price in India usually ranges between ₹2,500 and ₹5,000, depending on the city, diagnostic centre, and healthcare provider. The cost may also vary based on:

• Lab technology and expertise
• Home sample collection availability
• Doctor consultation charges
• Additional prenatal screening packages

Many diagnostic centres now offer convenient at-home sample collection services, making the process easier and stress-free for expectant moms.

Summing Up!

The Quadruple Marker Test is an important prenatal screening that helps assess the risk of certain chromosomal abnormalities and birth defects during pregnancy. It gives doctors valuable early insights, helping parents make informed decisions with greater confidence and clarity.

For expecting parents looking for reliable prenatal screening, LifeCell Diagnostics’ First Trimester Quadruple (Delfia) Test offers advanced screening support with accurate testing, expert guidance, and a hassle-free testing experience. With trusted diagnostic expertise and timely reporting, it helps parents stay informed and proactive throughout their pregnancy journey.